On this June 30, 2026, the 100th anniversary of the birth of [name] is celebrated.Alexina CrêspoInternational revolutionary guerrilla and historic activist of the Movement of Rural Workers Without Land (MST).
Crêpo played an important role as a leader of theRural LeaguesAn organization that fought for land reform in the Northeast region of Brazil from 1945 until the military dictatorship. Her husband, Francisco Julião, was one of the founders of the League, which worked in defense of rural communities and for the integration of the working class around the world.
In the words of his son, Anacleto Julião, "she was a person who had deep knowledge about the Brazilian land issue and also feminist, one of the pioneers of women's organizations in Pernambuco and Brazil. She was an internationalist, who represented the struggle of the Brazilian peasant at important international meetings of solidarity."
The activist's son reinforced his mother's political skills and qualities during an interview on the program.Conversation Well Living, fromBrazil's Radio of Fact. Raul Julião, grandson of Crêspo, also participated.
"I think Alexina was a character belonging to her own time. She had the immense capacity to understand the change of things, never had ideological rigidity nor anything like that. What she had was ideological coherence," Raul stated.
Guerrilla with military training
Deceased in 2013, Alexina Crêspo spent a period in exile in Cuba due to the civil-military coup in Brazil. On the island, she became very close to iconic figures such as Che Guevara and Fidel Castro. She also traveled to the Soviet Union, China, and Korea. She witnessed the Chinese revolution up close and even met Mao Tse-Tung, the leader of the process.
However, Anacleto emphasized that her story is unfortunately little remembered. "She became very faded, so to speak, due to the leadership her husband had, by the machismo that existed then and still exists today. She had a more practical results-oriented action than Julião."Julião's primary weapon were his speeches., awareness through mobilizations, while Alexina was a warrior and Francisco Julião's bodyguard."
His grandson recalls that she had military training, necessary in the context of resistance against dictatorship. "She went to Cuba, trained. Alexina shot remarkably well, they tell me. We call her a guerrilla because she was trained in Cuba, but she received military training in the end. Encrypted radio communication, Morse code, operation of heavy weaponry."
Anacleto also highlights that she had a different view from her husband regarding the struggle for agrarian reform in the country at that time. "[Francisco] Julião said: 'Agrarian reform by law or force'. And Alexina told him: 'Agrarian reform, only by force. There's no possibility it will be legal'", explained the couple's son.
When speaking of political and ideological consistency, his son remembers a historic phrase by Alexina: "I am not a heroine, I lived coherently with what I thought, wanted, and imagined." The phrase is engraved on the Memory Walk in Recife, next to the Never Again Torture Monument.
Celebration
To mark Alexina's centenary, the Joaquim Nabuco Foundation (Fundaj) in Recife is hosting a special program in her honor.
Among the activities, there will be screenings of two documentaries about her life and the role of the Peasant Leagues: "Brazil - The Troubled Land" (1964) and "Alexina - Memories of an Exile" (2012). The book "The Poems of Apollo and Other Writings" will also be launched, along with the exhibition "Red Brazil: 100 Years of Alexina Crêspo".
The real wealth of this exhibition is that it brings together original documents," highlighted Raul Julião. "There are no copies or facsimiles; these are the actual documents, photos, letters, and manuscripts.
Further information about the schedule can be found on the website of the event.Foundation Joaquim Nabuco.
Text: Good Living Conversation
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